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Fast and Accurate Determination of Minute Ochratoxin A Levels in Cereal Flours and Wine with the Label-Free White Light Reflectance Spectroscopy Biosensing Platform

Authors: Chrysoula-Evangelia Karachaliou; Georgios Koukouvinos; Grigoris Zisis; Dimosthenis Kizis; Evangelia Krystalli; George Siragakis; Dimitris Goustouridis; +4 Authors

Fast and Accurate Determination of Minute Ochratoxin A Levels in Cereal Flours and Wine with the Label-Free White Light Reflectance Spectroscopy Biosensing Platform

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most toxic naturally encountered contaminants and is found in a variety of foods and beverages, including cereals and wine. Driven by the strict regulations regarding the maximum allowable OTA concentration in foodstuff and the necessity for on-site determination, the development of fast and sensitive methods for the OTA determination in cereal flours and wine samples, based on white light reflectance spectroscopy, is presented. The method relied on appropriately engineered silicon chips, on top of which an OTA-protein conjugate was immobilized. A polyclonal antibody against OTA was then employed to detect the analyte in the framework of a competitive immunoassay; followed by the subsequent addition of a biotinylated secondary antibody and streptavidin for signal enhancement. A small size instrument performed all assay steps automatically and the bioreactions were monitored in real time as the software converted the spectral shifts into effective biomolecular adlayer thickness increase. The assay developed had a detection limit of 0.03 ng/mL and a working range up to 200 ng/mL. The assay lasted 25 min (less than 1h, including calibrators/antibody pre-incubation) and was accomplished following a simple sample preparation protocol. The method was applied to corn and wheat flour samples and white and red wines with recovery values ranging from 87.2 to 111%. The simplicity of the overall assay protocol and convenient instrumentation demonstrates the potential of the immunosensor developed for OTA detection at the point of need.

Keywords

Immunoassay, Silicon, Spectrum Analysis, Flour, Ochratoxin A, Wine, Biosensing Techniques, white light reflectance spectroscopy biosensor, Ochratoxins, Article, immunoanalysis, Streptavidin, wine, Edible Grain, cereal flours, TP248.13-248.65, Triticum, Biotechnology

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold