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Nearest Neighbours Graph Variational AutoEncoder

Authors: Lorenzo Arsini; Barbara Caccia; Andrea Ciardiello; Stefano Giagu; Carlo Mancini Terracciano;

Nearest Neighbours Graph Variational AutoEncoder

Abstract

Graphs are versatile structures for the representation of many real-world data. Deep Learning on graphs is currently able to solve a wide range of problems with excellent results. However, both the generation of graphs and the handling of large graphs still remain open challenges. This work aims to introduce techniques for generating large graphs and test the approach on a complex problem such as the calculation of dose distribution in oncological radiotherapy applications. To this end, we introduced a pooling technique (ReNN-Pool) capable of sampling nodes that are spatially uniform without computational requirements in both model training and inference. By construction, the ReNN-Pool also allows the definition of a symmetric un-pooling operation to recover the original dimensionality of the graphs. We also present a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) for generating graphs, based on the defined pooling and un-pooling operations, which employs convolutional graph layers in both encoding and decoding phases. The performance of the model was tested on both the realistic use case of a cylindrical graph dataset for a radiotherapy application and the standard benchmark dataset sprite. Compared to other graph pooling techniques, ReNN-Pool proved to improve both performance and computational requirements.

Country
Italy
Keywords

Computer Vision and Graphics, Industrial engineering. Management engineering, graph neural network, QA75.5-76.95, T55.4-60.8, graph neural network; variational autoencoder; pooling; nearest neighbours, Electronic computers. Computer science, nearest neighbours, Computer Science and Mathematics, variational autoencoder, pooling

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    3
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold