
A considerable range expansion ofDermacentor reticulatushas been observed in several European countries, which is concerning in the light of its vector function for several pathogens, includingBabesia canisand tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The present study provides an update on the distribution ofDermacentorticks in Germany, using a citizen science approach. Ticks were collected by citizens from March 2020 to May 2021, and submitted along with information on the date and location of collection, potential hosts and details about the circumstances of discovery. In total, 3,292Dermacentorspecimens were received, of which 76.4% (2,515/3,292) were identified asD. reticulatusand 23.0% (758/3,292) asD. marginatus, while 0.6% (19/3,292) were too damaged for species-level identification.Dermacentor reticulatuswas received from all federal states of Germany. Maxent species distribution models predicted suitable environmental conditions forD. reticulatusthroughout Germany. Findings on the vegetation or on pastured animals without travel history confirmed the occurrence of this tick species as far north as the most northern German federal state Schleswig-Holstein. In contrast, the distribution ofD. marginatusstill appears to be limited to southwestern Germany, although the northward shift of the distribution limit observed in the preceding citizen science study, as compared with previous published distributions, was confirmed. This shift was also predicted by Maxent species distribution models, reflecting the broader distribution of the tick occurrence data contributed by citizens. MostD. reticulatusticks were found on dogs (1,311/1,960, 66.9%), whileD. marginatuswas mainly discovered on hoofed animals (197/621, 31.7%) and humans (182/621, 29.3%). Human tick bites were reported in 0.7% (14/1,960) of host-assignedD. reticulatusand 3.4% (21/621) of host-assignedD. marginatus. Further studies to investigate an increasing endemisation ofBabesia canisin Germany as well as the relevance ofD. reticulatusfor TBEV spread throughout the country, e.g., by traveling dogs, are urgently needed. In view of the activity ofD. reticulatusduring winter or the colder months, which complements that ofIxodes ricinus, a year-round tick protection of at least dogs is strongly recommended.
meadow tick, ornate sheep tick, Veterinary medicine, ticks, ornate dog tick, SF600-1100, Veterinary Science, Dermacentor marginatus, range expansion
meadow tick, ornate sheep tick, Veterinary medicine, ticks, ornate dog tick, SF600-1100, Veterinary Science, Dermacentor marginatus, range expansion
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