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Revista de Neurología
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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Autismos que se ‘curan’

Authors: Artigas, Josep, 1948-; Paula Pérez, Isabel, 1970-;

Autismos que se ‘curan’

Abstract

Introducción. La investigación sobre el autismo, basada principalmente en el modelo categórico del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, se ha centrado de forma preferente en la epidemiología, las manifestaciones clínicas, los mecanismos cognitivos y los determinantes biológicos y ambientales; sin embargo, se ha prestado escaso interés a las trayectorias evolutivas, las cuales son decisivas de cara al pronóstico a medio y largo plazo. Objetivo. Revisar el curso evolutivo de niños diagnosticados de autismo que, aun conservando a medio o largo plazo rasgos conductuales acordes con el perfil inicial, alcanzan una adaptación social y laboral satisfactorias, y además dejan de cumplir los criterios que dieron lugar al diagnóstico inicial. Desarrollo. Se ha revisado la bibliografía sobre el autismo centrada en el análisis de la evolución de las manifestaciones clínicas y de su repercusión desde las primeras edades hasta la edad adulta. Asimismo, se han tomado en consideración aspectos conceptuales sobre el autismo que facilitan la comprensión y el significado de los patrones evolutivos. Conclusiones. Alrededor del 20% de los niños diagnosticados dejan de cumplir los criterios en los que se basó el diagnóstico y, además, alcanzan un ajuste social y laboral satisfactorio. Como factores favorecedores se identifica: inteligencia normal, buen nivel de lenguaje y baja incidencia de 'comorbilidades'; por el contrario, en las series notificadas no se señalan como factores determinantes las intervenciones terapéuticas precoces e intensivas. Por último, se menciona el concepto de neurodiversidad, donde la recuperación se centra en el desarrollo óptimo de las capacidades de cada individuo en un entorno facilitador.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Rehabilitació, Autism, Rehabilitation, Autisme, Asperger's syndrome, Síndrome d'Asperger

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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