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The Open Journal of Astrophysics
Article . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
Repositorio UTB
Article . 2026
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Repositorio UTB
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Graph-Based Light-Curve Features for Robust Transient Classification

Authors: Jesús D. Petro-Ramos; David J. Ruiz-Morales; David Sierra Porta;

Graph-Based Light-Curve Features for Robust Transient Classification

Abstract

We investigate graph-based representations of astronomical light curves for transient classification on a quality-controlled, class-balanced subset of the MANTRA benchmark (minimum coverage N min = 100 epochs; N = 1 , 705 objects after filtering and Non–Tr. subsampling). Each series is mapped to three visibility-graph views—horizontal (HVG), directed (DHVG), and weighted (W-HVG)—from which we extract compact, length-aware network descriptors (degree/strength moments, clustering and motifs, assortativity, path/efficiency, and spectral summaries). Using {object-level} stratified five-fold validation and tree-based learners, the best configuration (LightGBM with HVG+DHVG+W-HVG features) attains a macro–F1 of 0.622 ± 0.010 and accuracy of 0.661 ± 0.010 on this subset. For context, the published MANTRA baseline reports F 1 m a c r o = 0.528 on the full dataset; because class priors differ after quality control, this reference is not a like-for-like comparison. Ablations show that weighted contrasts and directed asymmetry contribute complementary gains to undirected topology. Per-class analysis highlights strong performance for CV, HPM, and Non–Tr., with residual confusions concentrated in the AGN–Blazar–SN block. These results indicate that visibility graphs offer a simple, survey-agnostic bridge between irregular photometric time series and standard classifiers, yielding competitive multiclass performance without bespoke deep architectures. We release code and feature definitions together with the list of object IDs used in the evaluation subset to facilitate reproducibility and future extensions.

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Colombia
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Keywords

1. Ciencias Naturales::1C. Ciencias físicas::1C08. Astronomía, Visibility graphs, 520 - Astronomía y ciencias afines, Time-domain astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Light curves, Series temporales (Análisis estadístico), Curvas de luz (Astronomía), Astronomy -- Data processing, Artificial intelligence — Scientific applications, Time series (Statistical analysis), Network features, Astronomía -- Procesamiento de datos, Transient classification, Machine learning, Machine learning -- Astronomical applications, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Aprendizaje automático -- Aplicaciones astronómicas, Inteligencia artificial -- Aplicaciones científicas, ODS 4: Educación de calidad. Garantizar una educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad y promover oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Light curves (astronomy)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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