
La enfermedad de Graves es una causa frecuente de hipertiroidismo en mujeres jóvenes. Su tratamiento inicial suele realizarse con fármacos antitiroideos orales mantenidos a lo largo de 12-24 meses. Si persiste el hipertiroidismo tras este periodo, o si vuelve a presentarse tras un periodo libre de enfermedad, el segundo escalón terapéutico puede ser la cirugía o el yodo radiactivo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con enfermedad de Graves resistente al tratamiento con antitiroideos orales, con recidiva del hipertiroidismo tras tiroidectomía total por existencia de tejido tiroideo ectópico mediastínico. Recibió tratamiento con yodo radiactivo, controlándose el hipertiroidismo, con hipotiroidismo yatrogénico posterior.
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