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Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC SA
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La resistencia de las plagas y enfermedades ante el control convencional y la búsqueda de alternativas de biocontrol

Authors: Franklin Sánchez;

La resistencia de las plagas y enfermedades ante el control convencional y la búsqueda de alternativas de biocontrol

Abstract

La evidencia técnica y científica muestra que el control convencional de plagas y enfermedades constantemente está perdiendo efectividad y el productor recurre a estrategias poco y nada idóneas para mantener la incidencia y la severidad de estas en un punto que no supere los umbrales económicos, recurriendo principalmente a estrategias como aumentar las dosis, que en ocasiones llegan a quintuplicarlas o reducir las frecuencias de aplicación de los pesticidas. En las zonas productivas del norte del país existe una hegemonía de cultivos para los cuales la presencia de plagas o enfermedades es constante, por ejemplo para la papa en la provincia del Carchi, se han “popularizado” un conjunto de ingredientes activos para el control del tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans), entre los principales tenemos Fenilamidas, Carbamatos, Carboxamidas, Ditiocarbamatos, entre otros; para todos los mencionados existe evidencia científica que hay una constante tendencia a la resistencia del patógeno hacia el fungicida. Ante lo mencionado la academia, en especial la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi, tiene la responsabilidad de investigar alternativas de control de plagas y enfermedades que eviten extender el problema de la resistencia, con esta consideración es necesario implementar una línea base de resistencia a nivel regional con el objetivo de conocer el comportamiento de los patógenos hacia los plaguicidas, puesto que el comportamiento varía constantemente de un sitio a otro, de esta manera se lograrán identificar cepas altamente resistentes o aquellas que claudican ante el manejo químico. Con toda esta información se podrán diseñar planes de manejo de plagas y enfermedades acordes a la realidad local con alta efectividad.

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
gold