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Studies in African Linguistics
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC
Data sources: Crossref
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Studies in African Linguistics
Article . 2024
Data sources: DOAJ
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MIRATIVITY IN BANTU: THE CASE OF GĨKŨYŨ (E51) AND KISWAHILI (G42)

Authors: Claudius P. Kihara;

MIRATIVITY IN BANTU: THE CASE OF GĨKŨYŨ (E51) AND KISWAHILI (G42)

Abstract

This paper argues for the recognition of mirative marking in two Bantu languages: Gĩkũyũ and Kiswahili. It shows that the two languages use lexical particles to indicate mirativity. Gĩkũyũ uses kaĩ, githĩ, anga, ni, and otho, and Kiswahili has kwani, mbona, kumbe, and si. These particles indicate surprise, unexpectedness, counter-expectation and new realizations, among other attitudes. Mirative marking in the two languages depends on the availability of direct evidence in a context that may be supported by inference. Miratives in Gĩkũyũ and Kiswahili share features with exclamative and interrogative moods. However, the questions are not content questions; they are either polar or rhetorical ones. The interrogative features are more subdued than the exclamative characteristics particularly because miratives and exclamatives share the surprise property. At the end, it is suggested that more research on the pragmatics of the mirative particles and the connections of mirativity, evidentiality and epistemic modality is suggested. 

Keywords

mirative, surprise, exclamative, interrogative, evidential, counter-expectation, Gĩkũyũ, P1-1091, Philology. Linguistics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average