SummaryApparatus and procedures have been developed for bacteriological work based on a vacuum-tight glove box with lock, in which an anaerobic working atmosphere has been maintained by evacuation, followed by removal of residual and diffusing oxygen with hydrogen and a catalyst that does not require pre-heating. By these means anaerobic spiro-chetes have appeared regularly as surface colonies on agar streaked from primary cultures, and have been isolated routinely.