Abstract. Hitherto data on ecological relations between terrestrial Parasitengona mites and ants are summarized and supplemented with the characteristics of two observed cases, which confirm the specific feeding adaptations of some Erythraeidae. Altogether, 21 species representing six Parasitengona families have been recorded as displaying permanent, temporary or accidental relationship with ants. Of those only the parasitic larvae of Forania mentonensis (Andre, 1929), F. sendrai Mayoral et Barranco, 2010, Makolia crimeaensis Saboori, Khaustov et Hakimitabar, 2009, Leptus clarki Southcott, 1989 and L. debeauforti (Oudemans, 1905) may be regarded as specialists. The verified diagnosis of M. crimeaensis, based on the material originating from Crimea (Ukraine) is proposed.