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Revista Medica Sinergia
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC
Data sources: Crossref
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Deficiencia de vitamina B12 como etiología de deterioro cognitivo y demencia

Authors: Annekey Badilla Nelson;

Deficiencia de vitamina B12 como etiología de deterioro cognitivo y demencia

Abstract

La vitamina B12 es una molécula químicamente compleja, que amerita una serie de mecanismos que aseguran su estabilidad y absorción, se encuentra en diversos alimentos de consumo diario como el hígado, pescado, mariscos, y cereales fortificados. Se ha demostrado que esta vitamina funge funciones en diversos aparatos y sistemas, principalmente a nivel hematológico, como componente eritrocitario y a nivel neurológico en la composición de mielina. Cuando existe deficiencia de vitamina 12, debido a alteraciones en la ingesta o absorción, se produce manifestaciones clínicas y de laboratorio, como anemia megaloblástica, neuropatía, mielopatía, alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas predominantemente del comportamiento, ataxia, signos extrapiramidales, entre otras y en la mayoría de los casos estos se resuelven con el tratamiento dirigido. Existen estudios que indican que la reposición temprana de vitamina B12, podría contribuir a la mejoría sintomática, revirtiendo las manifestaciones iniciales del deterioro cognitivo, la demencia y la mielopatía, mientras que la reposición tardía podría vincularse con cambios irreversibles. A pesar de estos estudios, no hay datos concluyentes sobre la interrelación entre la deficiencia de vitamina B12 y el deterioro cognitivo y/o demencia ya que aún no está esclarecido el mecanismo fisiopatológico que lo subyace, pero si hay evidencia de mejoría a nivel cognitivo cuando se genera reposición, habiendo descartado otras causas primarias de deterioro o demencia.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
gold