The aim of this review, as well as the case report, is to become familiar with the syndrome, although it is not very common, but may still be encountered by an ophthalmologist during clinical practice. It is also interesting to point out how the clinical unit can be independent and unchangeable in medicine and, on the other hand, in the context of the reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES syndrome), the name can be changed. As such, cortex blindness arises after complete destruction of the visual cortex of both occipital lobes, often as a result of vascular circulatory disorders. PRES syndrome is characterized by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, where bilateral irregular hypodensive arteries are present in the occipital lobes that cause transient cortex blindness within the syndrome, which in its name carries the word reversible. Case report: A patient who was hospitalized at the Pneumology Department in which PRES syndrome and transient cortex blindness were diagnosed.