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BUTSURI-TANSA(Geophysical Exploration)
Article . 2007 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Earthquake early warning

緊急地震速報について
Authors: Koji Nakamura;

Earthquake early warning

Abstract

緊急地震速報は,震源の近くの観測点のデータを用いて,震源とマグニチュードを高速で決定し,強震動の分布を推定し,その情報を利用者へ即座に伝える。震源からある程度はなれたところにいる人には,強い揺れが来る前にある程度の時間的余裕(数秒から数十秒)をもって警報することが可能である。震源の即時決定のためには,利用できる観測点の数によってB-Δ法,テリトリー法(1~2点),グリッドサーチ法(3~5点)などの方法を使う一方で,防災科学研究所が開発した着未着法も活用している。地震のマグニチュードは,P波段階でマグニチュードが推定できるようにP波マグニチュードの式を使い,時間とともに全ての波を使ったマグニチュードの式に切り替える方式になっている。各地の最大震度の推定には,震源とマグニチュードから基準基盤の最大速度振幅を求める経験式を使い,それから,地表面の最大速度振幅と最大震度を推定する経験式を使用する。 緊急地震速報の一部の地域で試験的な運用が始まった平成16年2月25日から平成19年4月30日までに,1449例の緊急地震速報が提供された。このうち,雷や人工ノイズなどによる誤報は29例あったが,2観測点以上を使った緊急地震速報では誤報はなかった。緊急地震速報で最大予測震度5弱以上を報じた地震(28例)について,最大震度5弱以上を観測したものが15例,その他の9例については最大震度4 ,4例については最大震度3を観測している。

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze