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https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.i...
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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Bentuk-Bentuk Negara Di Dunia

Authors: Muhammad Yusuf;

Bentuk-Bentuk Negara Di Dunia

Abstract

Negara dapat kita mulai pada masa Yunani Kuno dimana sistem negara sudah terbentuk yang ditandai adanya pola pikir yang ada dalam masyarakat. Pola pikir inilah yang kemudian pada masa-masa selanjutnya negara dapat dikatakan terbentuk sedikit demi sedikit disebut dengan era baru peradaban negara. Pada masa yunani kuno, bentuk negara Yunani kuno masih merupakan suatu Polis. Terjadinya itu mula-mula hanya merupakan benteng di sebuah bukit, yang makin lama makin diperkuat. Kemudian orang-orang lain yang juga ingin hidup dengan aman, ikut menggabungkan diri bertempat tinggal di sekeliling benteng itu, minta perlindungan keamanan, maka dengan demikian benteng itu dapat semakin meluas. Kelompok inilah yang kemudian dinamakan Polis. Secara umum, ide dasar dalam model dan bentuk negara pada posisi zaman klasik sesuai dengan pemikiran Plato. Dalam pandangan Plato, sebelum Plato mengemukakan ajarannya tentang bentukbentuk negara, didahului dengan mengemukakan suatu pertanyaan. Ilmu Negara itu pertama-tama harus mengemukakan suatu soal yang bersifat kesusilaan, keadilan agar manusia dapat mencapai kebahagiaan. Baik secara pembentukan negara maupun model perubahan negara pada zaman modern dilakukan secara demokratis. Dalam pandangan yang lebih terbuka, C.F. Strong semisal menyatakan untuk membagi empat kategori cara perubahan konstitusi sebagai indikator negara demokratis dalam dunia modern, yaitu (1) melalui parlemen, (2) referendum, (3) konvensi atau lembaga khusus, dan (4) persetujuan negara bagian.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid