Yuce Allah’in, Kur’an’in Hz. Muhammed’e vahiy yoluyla indirilmis bir kitap oldugunu beyan etmesine mukabil, musrikler Kur’an’i Hz. Peygamber’in uydurdugu iddiasinda bulunmuslardir. Buna mukabil Kur’an musriklere eger sozlerinde dogru iseler, Kur’an’in tamamina olmasa da hic olmazsa bir suresine olsun nazire getirmeleri konusunda onlara karsi meydan okumustur. Bu meydan okuma karsisinda onlar nazire getirmek yerine yalan, iftira, zulum ve savas yolunu tercih etmislerdir. Su halde Kur’an’in mucize olusu tarihi bir gercektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kur’an, I’caz, Mucize, Meydan okuma, Nazire The Qur'an's Challenge and its Background Abstract It is known that certain polytheists have claimed that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) fabricated the Holy Qur’an and thus do not believe that it was sent down to him as a revelation by Almighty God. Against these polytheists a challenge has been brought before them by God (in order to test the verity of their allegations). Thus He has challenged them to produce a Book that resembles the Qur’an. If they fail to do that, then they should at least try to produce a surah (verse) resembling the likeness of the Qur’an. Yet, rather than meet this challenge - the polytheists and atheists have instead brought lies, slanders, denigrations and evil and have thus resorted to choosing the way of aggression. Thus, it is clear that the Qur'an's miraculousness is a historical reality. Keywords: Qur'an, I'jaz, Miracle, Challenge, Replying in Kind