Use of video display terminals (VDTs) is associated with a decreased frequency of blinking and an increased rate of tear evaporation. This leads to ocular fatigue (1), which is one of the major symptoms of dry eye (2). The causes or alterations in the normal tear film that lead to dry eye syndrome or keratoconjunctivitis sicca are given here, followed by a brief account of the diagnostic measures. Various compounds and dosage forms that are in use and emerging for the treatment of dry eye are described.