The Mapuches of the Araucania Area were never conquered by the power of the sword. Nevertheless, as the time went by, and with the different patterns of country that have developed in South America, especially in Chile, whatever the weapons could not do, the Economy is now able to do… With the expansion of the huge pulp-mill industries, the value of the paper in today’s world places different indigenous communities of the South American Pacific coastline at risk. As the multinationals ad spread throughout the world, many native American resistance organizations have appeared as the one analysed here: the ”Coordinadora Mapuche de Comunidades en Conflicto Arauco-Malleco”. The way they act, conceive of their reality, consider their leaderships, and follow their beliefs and rites will be examined. The country will react, but for them, Chile “is neither our flag nor our nation”.