
Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease and a global health concern. Indonesia has the second-highest TB burden worldwide caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria which can lead to severe complications particularly if treatment fails. The National Health Insurance Program (JKN) by BPJS Kesehatan has provided widespread access to TB treatment. However, differences in BPJS membership status, namely Contribution Assistance Beneficiaries (PBI) and NonPBI members, are suspected to influence treatment success rates. This study employed a retrospective cohort design, analyzing secondary data from 21,763 TB patients between 2019 and 2021. The analysis utilized the Risk Ratio (RR) method with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between BPJS status and treatment success. Among the 21,763 samples, 11,209 patients (51.50%) were classified as PBI members, while 10,554 patients (48.50%) were Non-PBI members. The overall treatment success rate was exceptionally low, with only 0.6% of patients declared cured. Non-PBI patients were found to have a higher risk of treatment failure compared to PBI patients, with a Risk Ratio (RR) of 1.973 (95% CI = 1.367–2.846, p < 0.05). The study shows a significant relationship between BPJS status and TB treatment failure. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening early detection programs, education, and further interventions to improve treatment success among Non-PBI patients. Abstrak. Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan global, dengan Indonesia memiliki beban TB tertinggi kedua di dunia yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius terutama jika pengobatan tidak berhasil. Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) oleh BPJS Kesehatan telah memberikan akses pengobatan TB secara luas namun perbedaan status kepesertaan BPJS, yaitu Penerima Bantuan Iuran (PBI) dan Non-PBI diduga memengaruhi keberhasilan terapi. Penelitian menggunakan desain cohort retrospective. Data sekunder sebanyak 21.763 sampel pasien TB dari periode 2019–2021 dianalisis menggunakan metode Risk Ratio (RR) dengan Confidence Interval (CI) 95% untuk menilai hubungan antara status BPJS dan keberhasilan terapi. Dari 21.763 sampel, bahwa pasien yang memiliki status PBI sebanyak 11.209 orang atau 51,50%, sementara jumlah pasien dengan status Non-PBI sebanyak 10.554 orang atau 48,50%. Untuk tingkat keberhasilan terapi secara keseluruhan sangat rendah, dengan hanya 0,6% pasien yang dinyatakan sembuh. Pasien Non-PBI memiliki risiko kegagalan terapi lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien PBI, dengan Risk Ratio (RR) sebesar 1,973 (CI 95% = 1,367–2,846, p < 0,05). Penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara status BPJS dan kegagalan terapi TB. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan program deteksi dini, edukasi, dan intervensi lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan pada pasien Non-PBI.
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