Globally, rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing and key priority populations such as incarcerated people are at an increased risk of STI and blood borne virus (BBV) acquisition. Despite this increased risk, incarcerated populations experience limited and inequitable access to sexual healthcare. Thus, innovative solutions are needed to ensure incarcerated people receive sexual healthcare and reduce their risk of acquiring STIs/BBVs, with nurse-led STI testing satellite clinics being one possible solution. This thesis by publication reports the results of a systematic review (Phase 1) to determine the effectiveness of interventions to reduce STIs/BBVs in incarcerated people as well as the implementation (Phase 2) and evaluation (Phase 3) of STI testing satellite clinics that provided regular STI testing, treatment, follow-up, and education to a population in a correctional setting. The study was undertaken utilising the Replicating Effective Programs framework (REP) and included a retrospective medical chart audit, and a qualitative exploration of clinic nurses (Registered Nurses) and incarcerated individual’s perspectives on the nurse-led STI testing satellite clinic Findings revealed that a weekly STI testing satellite clinic increased attendance rates, treatment rates, and follow-up rates, and showed a high level of satisfaction among incarcerated participants. Satisfaction survey responses identified needs as wanting more education; additional advertising; concern clinics would cease; requesting an increase in clinic frequency; and additional prophylactic programmes. Interviews with clinic nurses identified barriers as low levels of literacy and potential for stigma amongst incarcerated people; inadequate space within the site’s medical facility; perceived delays in approval processes; and initial scepticism and resistance to change from other healthcare staff. Facilitators for clinic nurses included the programme’s adaptability; motivated staff; responding to the wants/needs of incarcerated people; multi-level intra-organisational support; and improved uptake and health outcomes. For people in prison, facilitators included positive uptake and satisfaction with education provided and with the nurses delivering clinics; desire to be healthy and wanting to get tested; and convenience that the satellite clinics provided. This research provides critical new insights regarding how an innovative nurse-led STI testing satellite clinic can assist in meeting the sexual healthcare needs of people in prison and reduce the incidence of STIs within this population.