Geoscience Australia aims to provide a concise inventory of the current geological knowledge and data availability for onshore Australian basins. These basin-wide studies inform the Australian Government, resource industry, and other stakeholders on the geology and resource potential of Australia’s sedimentary basins to support exploration investment. This study summarises the onshore Southern Carnarvon Basin addressing its geology, resources (including energy, minerals and groundwater) and exploration history. The report also highlights key science questions and exploration uncertainties that can aid in decision making for both government and industry organisations.