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Glycosidases of apple fruit

Authors: Opoku-Gyamfua, Angelina;

Glycosidases of apple fruit

Abstract

Conditions required to stabilize ß-galactosidase activity in apple extracts were found. ß-Galactosidase was most stable at neutral pH and in the presence of certain additives, in particular PVP and CETAB, which were used in the purification. Most of the glycosidase activities present in the apple were effectively extracted with 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer pH 7.0. The purification procedure consisted of acetone powder preparation to remove polyphenols, ammonium sulphate fractionation, ion-exchange and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques. Nine glycosidase activities were detected in the acetone powder preparation of the apple cortex by fluorometric assay using 4-methylumbelliferyl glycosides as substrates. A major contaminant, polyphenoloxidase, was removed by the anion exchange chromatography. The major B-galactosidase fraction also contained ß-fucosidase and α-L-arabinosidase activities. These three activities were found in a single protein peak (M.W. 77,600) in the HPLC. While the purification indicated a single enzyme species, kinetic analysis indicated separate but interacting active sites for each substrate. Mixed substrate kinetic analysis showed activation of hydrolysis of one substrate by another. Also, methyl-ß-D-galactopyranoside and D-galactonic acid-Y-lactone were competitive inhibitors of the ß-galactosidase but non-competitive inhibitors of both the α-L-arabinosidase and ß-fucosidase. All the glycosidases had optimal activities in the pH range of 4-5 and different Kₘ values. They were all inhibited by rutin, quercetin and chlorogenic acid but to different extents.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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