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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Платоновские исследо...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Plato and Descartes: The “Radical Doubt”

Платон и Декарт: «радикальное сомнение»

Plato and Descartes: The “Radical Doubt”

Abstract

Статья продолжает тему «Платон и феноменология», уже затронутую автором в ряде работ, где Платон рассматривается как первый представитель трансцендентализма в европейской философии, то есть философ, ищущий умопостигаемые основания и условия мышления и познания: для него это «благо» ( 508a-509d) и эйдосы ( 135cd). В этом контексте автор обращается также к Декарту и Гуссерлю, которые, каждый в своей модификации, полноправно представляют трансцендентальную традицию. Полагая, что в контексте трансцендентализма необходимо сравнительное исследование «радикального сомнения», «феноменологической редукции» и «трансцендентального уровня ума» у разных представителей направления, автор рассматривает в данной статье сомнение у Платона и Декарта. Проведя анализ некоторых диалогов Платона (прежде всего «Алкивиад I» и «Теэтет»), а также трактатов Декарта «Правила для руководства ума» и «Размышления о первой философии», автор делает следующие выводы. Платоновский Сократ приходит к радикальному сомнению принципиально в диалогах с другими; можно сказать, что для него гарантом истины является обнаружение одной и той же непреложной трансцендентальной данности и у вопрошающего, и у отвечающего. Декарт не ведет диалог с другими, а обращается исключительно к собственному сознанию, подвергая тем самым сомнению и существование этих «других». Однако при этом Платон настаивает на необходимости полностью очистить душу от всего эмпирического и даже рассудочного, тогда как для Декарта область очень широка и включает в себя, помимо рассудка, желания, воображение и чувства. Разные методы применения сомнения в исследовании приводят к разным типам редукции и, соответственно, разному пониманию трансцендирования и трансценденталий. The article continues the topic “Plato and phenomenology”, touched upon by the author in a number of previous works, where Plato is considered as the first representative of transcendentalism in European philosophy, that is, a philosopher looking for the intelligible foundations and conditions of thinking and cognition: for him, it is the “Good” ( 508a-509d) and ( 135cd). In this context, the author also refers to Descartes and Husserl, who both, each in his own right, are qualified representatives of the transcendental tradition. In this article the author considers doubt as such in Plato and Descartes, believing that in the context of transcendentalism, a comparative study of “radical doubt”, “phenomenological reduction”, and “transcendentallevel of mind” in different representatives of the trend is required. The analysis of a number of passages from Plato’s dialogues (primarily, and ),as well as Descartes’ treatises , leads to the following conclusions. Plato’s Socrates comes to radical doubt fundamentally in dialogue with others; it can be said that for him, the guarantee of truth is discovery of the same unchanging transcendental reality in both the questioner and the responder. Descartes does not conduct a dialogue with others, but turns exclusively to his own consciousness, thereby questioning the existence of these “others”. Moreover, Plato insists on the need to completely purify the soul from everything empirical and even rational, whereas for Descartes the area of is very extensive and includes, in addition to reason, desires, imagination, and feelings. Different methods of applying doubt in research lead to different types of reduction and, accordingly, different ways of understanding transcendence and transcendentalities.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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