{"references": ["D. Masak, \"SOA?: Serviceorientierung in Business und Software\" Springer, 2007.", "S. Edlich, A. Friedland, J. Hampe, B. Brauer, \"NoSQL - Einstieg in die Welt nichtrelationaler Web 2.0 Datenbanken 2010\", Hanser, 2007.", "F. Chang, J. Dean, S. Ghemawat, W. Hsieh, D. Wallach, M. Burrows, T. Chandra, A. Fike, R. Gruber, \"Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data\", Goole Inc., 2006.", "http://www.oser.org/~hp/bsyII/node6.html, \"Skalierbarkeit\", 2007.", "http://blog.namics.com/2009/05/skalierbare-dat.htm, \"Skalierbare Datenbanksysteme: ACID versus BASE\", 2009.", "http://nosql-database.org/, \"NoSQL - Your Ultimate Guide to the Non - Relational Universe!\", 2011.", "http://www.heise.de/open/artikel/NoSQL-im-Ueberblick-1012483.html, \"NoSQL im \u00dcberblick\", 2010.", "http://www.gi.de/service/informatiklexikon/informatiklexikon-detailansicht/meldung/spaltenorientierte-datenbanken-267.html, \"Spaltenorientierte Datenbanken\", 2010.", "http://eliteinformatiker.de/2011/05/18/nosql-document-store-couchdb-mongodb/, \"NoSQL: Dokumentenorientierte Datenbanken (CouchDB, MongoDB)\", 2011.\n[10]\tCloud Computing: Web-basierte dynamische IT-Services (Informatik im Fokus) , 2. Auflage, Springer ,ISBN 978-3-642-18435-2.\n[11]\t\"Scaling memcached at Facebook\", Paul Saab, December 2008, Facebook Engineering, http://www.facebook.com/ note.php?note_id=39391378919.\n[12]\tOliver Fischer, \"MapReduce: Programmiermodell und Framework\", April 2010, http://www.heise.de/developer/artikel/Programmiermodell-und-Framework-964823.html.\n[13]\t\"Playfish's Social Gaming Architecture - 50 Million Monthly Users And Growing\", http://highscalability.com/blog/2010/9/21/playfishs-social-gaming-architecture-50-million-monthly-user.html, 2010.\n[14]\tRichard P. Gabriel, \"Can't Be Built\" IBM Research, 2007.\n[15]\tEeles2008, Peter Eeles, Presentaion on \"Architecting Large-Scale Systems, IBM, 2008.\n[16]\tPaul Saab, \"Scaling memcached at Facebook\", 2008, via Facebook.com\n[17]\tBrad Fitzpatrick , \"Distributed Caching with Memcached\", 2004, on http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7451?page=0,1.\n[18]\tRealtime Hadoop usage at Facebook: The Complete Story, Dhruba Borthakur, http://hadoopblog.blogspot.com/search/label/ hadoop%20and%20facebook.\n[19]\tSanjay Ghemawat, Howard Gobioff, and Shun-Tak Leung,\" The Google File System\", Google Coorp., 2003.\n[20]\tFacebook: Science and the social Graph, Aditya Agarwal, May 2009, http://www.infoq.com/presentations/Facebook-Software-Stack.\n[21]\tAmazonStatistics; Jeff Barr, \"Amazon S3 Blog\" July 2011 http://aws.typepad.com/aws/2011/07/amazon-s3-more-than-449-billion-objects.html."]}

In this paper various techniques in relation to large-scale systems are presented. At first, explanation of large-scale systems and differences from traditional systems are given. Next, possible specifications and requirements on hardware and software are listed. Finally, examples of large-scale systems are presented.