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https://dx.doi.org/10.25673/86...
Doctoral thesis . 2022
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Elucidating mechanisms of unreduced gamete formation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Authors: Piskorz, Ewa Weronika;

Elucidating mechanisms of unreduced gamete formation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract

Die Meiose ist für die sexuelle Fortpflanzung unerlässlich, und Anomalien in diesem Prozess führen oft zu Polyploidie. Während der männlichen Meiose in Arabidopsis wird das JASON (JAS)-Protein benötigt, um das „Organellenband“ aufrechtzuerhalten, das eine physikalische Barriere für zwei sich trennende Chromosomengruppen in der Metaphase II darstellt. Der Verlust dieser Struktur in der jas-Mutante führt zu einer abnormalen Spindelpositionierung, einer falschen Chromosomensegregation und der Bildung unreduzierter (2n) Gameten. Um die Mechanismen der unreduzierten Gametenbildung weiter zu untersuchen, wurde ein Suppressor-Screen durchgeführt, um Mutanten zu finden, die reduzierte (1n) Gameten in Gegenwart einer jas-Mutation bilden. Unter Verwendung des Vorwärts-Genetik-Ansatzes habe ich eine starke Mutante, peleus, identifiziert und charakterisiert, die die 2n-Gametenbildung durch teilweise Wiederherstellung der Organellenbande unterdrückt. Eine weitere genetische und zytologische Analyse der jas;pel-Doppelmutante wies auf die Beteiligung des Aktin-Zytoskeletts, des Endomembransystems und des Proteinabbauwegs an der Regulation der meiotischen Progression hin.

Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and abnormalities in this process often lead to polyploidy. During male meiosis in Arabidopsis, JASON (JAS) protein is required for maintaining the “organelle band”, which provides a physical barrier for two segregating chromosome groups at metaphase II. Loss of this structure in the jas mutant leads to abnormal spindle positioning, incorrect chromosome segregation and formation of unreduced (2n) gametes. To further investigate the mechanisms of unreduced gamete formation, a suppressor screen was performed, aimed to find mutants that form reduced (1n) gametes in the presence of jas mutation. Using forward genetics approach, I have identified and characterized a strong mutant, peleus, that was able to suppress 2n gamete formation through partial recovery of the organelle band. Further genetic and cytological analysis of jas;pel double mutant pointed to the involvement of actin cytoskeleton, endomembrane system and protein degradation pathway in the regulation of meiotic progression.

Country
Germany
Keywords

ddc:576, 570, 500, 830, ddc:570, 576

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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