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https://dx.doi.org/10.25673/17...
Doctoral thesis . 2016
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Functional consequences of chromosome holocentricity

Authors: Jankowska, Maja;

Functional consequences of chromosome holocentricity

Abstract

Holocentric chromosomes occur in a number of independent eukaryotic lineages. They form centromeres along almost the entire poleward chromatid surfaces and due to this alternative chromosome structure species with holocentric chromosomes cannot use the two-step loss of cohesion during meiosis typical for monocentric chromosomes. We provide evidence that the plant Luzula elegans maintains a holocentric chromosome architecture and behavior throughout meiosis. Contrary to a monopolar sister centromere orientation in monocentrics, sister centromeres in L. elegans behave as two distinct functional units during meiosis I mediating bipolar attachment to microtubules. During first meiosis division sister chromatids segregate and terminally linked by satellite DNA enriched chromatin threads non-sister chromatids migrated to the same cell pole. Homologous non-sister chromatids remain connected till the metaphase II and then after degradation of mentioned connection, they separated at anaphase II. Based on anti-LeDMC1 staining, we excluded a recombination dependent end-to-end connection between homologous non-sister chromatids.

Holozentrische Chromosomen treten in einer Reihe von unabhängigen Abstammungen in unterschiedlichen Eukaryoten auf. Diese bilden Zentromere entlang der Gesamtlänge der Schwesterchromatiden. Durch diese Chromosomenstruktur können Arten mit holozentrischen Chromosomen während der Meiose den für monozentrische Chromosomen-typischen Vorgang des Zwei-Schritt-Kohäsionsverlusts nicht verwenden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Luzula elegans eine holozentrische Chromosomenarchitektur während der Meiose beibehält. Im Gegensatz zu monopolar orientierten Schwesterzentromeren monozentrischer Arten, verhalten sich Schwesterzentromere in L. elegans wie zwei Funktionseinheiten. In Meiose I trennen sich Schwesterchromatiden, Nicht-Schwesterchromatiden bleiben terminal verbunden. Satelliten DNA-positive Chromatinfäden sind dabei beteiligt. Homologe Nicht-Schwesterchromatiden verbleiben bis zur Metaphase II verbunden. In Anaphase II trennen sich Nicht-Schwesterchromatiden nach Abbau der Chromatinfäden. Basierend auf anti-LeDMC1 Markierungen konnte eine Rekombinationsabhängige terminale Verbindung ausgeschlossen werden.

Country
Germany
Keywords

570, ddc:630, 500, 630

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green