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Understanding the impact of online sexual harassment

Authors: Schäfer, Eva;

Understanding the impact of online sexual harassment

Abstract

Im Zuge der Digitalisierung gibt sexuelle Belästigung im Internet (OSH) zunehmend Anlass zur Besorgnis aufgrund ihrer potenziellen negativen Auswirkungen auf das mentale Wohlbefinden. In dieser Studie wurden die Auswirkungen von erlebter OSH auf das Selbstwertgefühl untersucht, mit einem speziellen Augenmerk auf die potenziell schützende Wirkung von sozialer Unterstützung. Dabei wurden besonders das Stress-Puffer-Modell und das Haupteffektmodell sozialer Unterstützung berücksichtigt. In einem querschnittlichen Design beantwortete eine Gesamtstichprobe von 259 deutschsprechenden Teilnehmer*innen die Multidimensional Cyber-Sexual Harassment Experiences and Attitudes Scale for Victimization (MCSHEA-V), die Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) und die Social Support Appraisal Scale (SS-A) in einer Onlinestudie. Analysen wurden zusätzlich in einer Teilstichprobe von 194 Teilnehmer*innen durchgeführt unter zusätzlichem Einbezug von Unterstützung durch den/die Partner*in. Während der direkte negative Effekt von OSH auf das Selbstwertgefühl nicht konsistent nachgewiesen werden konnte, war soziale Unterstützung signifikant positiv mit dem Selbstwertgefühl verbunden. Soziale Unterstützung moderierte die negativen Auswirkungen auf das Selbstwertgefühl in der Gesamtstichprobe, besonders bei niedriger sozialer Unterstützung, aber nicht in der Teilstichprobe. Geschlechts- und altersbezogene Effekte wurden ebenfalls gefunden, was die unterschiedlichen Auswirkungen von OSH in verschiedenen demografischen Gruppen hervorhebt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Relevanz der schützenden Wirkung von sozialer Unterstützung gegen die negativen Auswirkungen von OSH und sprechen für maßgeschneiderte Interventionen für besonders vulnerable Gruppen, wie z. B. junge Menschen, Frauen und Personen sexueller Minderheiten. Zukünftige Forschung könnte die langfristigen psychologischen Auswirkungen und das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Unterstützungsquellen untersuchen. Dabei könnte ein umfassendes Messinstrument zur Erfassung verschiedener Erfahrungen mit OSH verwendet werden und die Untersuchung auf stärker betroffene Stichproben gelegt werden.

In the course of digitalization, online sexual harassment (OSH) raises growing concerns due to its potentially negative impact on mental well-being. In this study, the impact of experienced OSH on self-esteem was investigated with emphasis on the potential protecting role of social support, taking into account the stress buffer model and the main effect model of social support. Using a cross-sectional design, a final sample of 259 German speaking participants completed the Multidimensional Cyber-Sexual Harassment Experiences and Attitudes Scale for Victimization (MCSHEA-V), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and the Social Support Appraisal Scale (SS-A) in an online survey. Analyses were conducted additionally for a subsample of 194 participants including partner support. While the direct negative effect of OSH on self-esteem was not consistent in the two samples, a significant positive association between social support and self-esteem was found. Social support moderated the adverse effects of OSH on self-esteem in the total sample, specifically for low levels of social support, but not in the subsample. Gender and age-related effects were also identified, highlighting the differential impact of OSH in different demographic groups. The results underscore the importance of the protective role of social support against adverse effects of OSH advocating for tailored interventions for vulnerable groups such as young people, women and sexual minorities. Future research could examine the long-term psychological impact of OSH and the interplay with different sources of support, utilizing comprehensive tools for different OSH experiences and extending research to more exposed groups.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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