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Austria's potential output

Österreichs Produktionspotenzial
Authors: Fellinger, Serafin;

Austria's potential output

Abstract

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein alternativer Ansatz in der Schätzung des Produktionspo- tenzials präsentiert und auf Österreich angewandt. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet die Kritik an bestimmten Schätzansätzen, beispielsweise an den weit verbreiteten Produktionsfunktions Modellen, welche Resultate liefern die nahe an einem gleitenden Durchschnitt des BIP liegen. Dem entgegen wird ein Ansatz präsentiert der auf Okuns Methode (Okun, 1962) beruht und von Fontanari, Palumbo and Salvatori (2020) erweitert wurde. Bezugnehmend darauf, dass Österreichs Wirtschaft seit den 1950ern zumindest zwei verschiedene Arbeits- marktregime erlebte, wird Okuns Gesetz signifikant geschätzt. Die sich daraus ergebenden Schätzer des Produktionspotenzials zeigen eine stabile Unterauslastung der Produktion- skapazitäten seit den frühen 1980ern. Darüber hinaus wird eine Zerlegung der realen Wirtschaftsleistung in stündliche Arbeitsproduktivität, Arbeitsstunden pro beschäftigter Person, die Beschäftigungsrate, die Erwerbsquote und das Bevölkerungswachstum vorgen- ommen. Diese Zerlegung wird genutzt, um einen Referenzwert des Produktionspotenzials zu berechnen. Konkret ist der Referenzwert eine Prognose des BIP unter der Annahme, dass seit 1976 stets hohe Nachfrage herrschte. Es zeigt sich, dass die reale Wirtschaftsleis- tung nahe am Referenzwert liegt, jedoch die Arbeitszeit im hypothetischen Fall der hohen Nachfrage gleicher verteilt ist.

In this thesis an alternative approach to estimate potential output is presented and implemented for Austria. The starting point is a critique on certain approaches, such as wide spread production function models, which produce results close to a moving average of GDP. Alternatively I present an approach building on Okun’s method (Okun, 1962), which was updated by Fontanari, Palumbo and Salvatori (2020). Considering that Austria faced at least two different labor market regimes since the 1950s, Okun’s law is estimated significantly. Resulting potential output estimates show a stable under utilization of capacity since the early 1980s. Additionally a decomposition of real output into hourly labor productivity, hours worked per employee, the employment rate, the labor force participation rate and population growth is performed. The decomposition is used to calculate a benchmark case of potential output, i.e. predicting GDP if demand was high ever since 1976. Results show that real GDP is close to the benchmark case, however working hours are distributed more evenly in the hypothetical high demand regime.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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