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Effects of transcranial ultrasound pulse stimulation detected with fMRI

Effekte der transkraniellen Ultraschall Pulsstimulation gemessen mit fMRT
Authors: Dörl, Gregor;

Effects of transcranial ultrasound pulse stimulation detected with fMRI

Abstract

Hirnstimulation mit Ultraschall birgt viel Potential als eine klinische, nicht-invasive Stimulationstechnik, unter anderem aufgrund der Möglichkeit, präzise beliebige Hirnareale zu stimulieren. Transkranielle Pulsstimulation (TPS) ist eine sichere und klinisch anwendbare Stimulationsmethode. In einer ersten Untersuchung mit Alzheimerpatienten wurden nach 2-4 Wochen TPS Therapie Verbesserungen in neuropsychologischen Testwerten, sowie erhöhte funktionelle Konnektivität mittels funktioneller Magnetresonanztomographie (fMRT) festgestellt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist eine Folgeanalyse. Neuroplastische Veränderungen der funktionellen Konnektivität anhand von fMRT Daten und mögliche entsprechende neuropsychologische Veränderungen wurden erforscht. In der ersten Analyse wurde eine Normalisierung der funktionellen Konnektivität zwischen dem Salience-Netzwerk (rechte anteriore Insula) und dem ventromedialen Netzwerk (linker frontoorbitaler Cortex) festgestellt. Diese funktionelle Veränderung korreliert mit Verbesserungen von depressiven Symptomen. Stimulation von Hirnarealen, die für Depression relevant sind (zum Beispiel der dorsolaterale Präfrontalcortex), mittels TPS verursacht möglicherweise relevante funktionelle Veränderungen und lindert depressive Symptome. Es wird angenommen, dass TPS abhängig von dem Stimulationsort einen neuromodulatorischen Effekt hat. Zwar zeigten Alzheimerpatienten nach TPS Behandlung kognitive Verbesserungen, jedoch kam es zu einer Abnahme der visuo-konstruktiven Fähigkeiten. Funktionell relevante Hirnareale wurden während der Stimulation großteils ausgelassen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt eine entsprechende Verringerung von funktionellen Konnektivitätswerten eines visuo-konstruktiven Netzwerks, und untermauert die Hypothese der Effekte abhängig vom Stimulationsort. Zusammenfassend präsentiert diese Analyse weitere Belege, dass TPS eine nützliche ergänzende (add-on) Therapie für neurologische und psychiatrische Erkrankungen werden kann.

Ultrasound brain stimulation techniques have great potential for clinical application because of their non-invasiveness, as well as the possibility to precisely target regions-of-interest. Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) has been recently shown to be a safe and clinically viable stimulation technique. In a clinical sample with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients, 2-4 weeks of TPS therapy resulted in improved neuropsychological scores as well as functional connectivity (FC) as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this study, an fMRI follow-up analysis is presented. Specifically, neuroplastic changes in FC due to TPS therapy and their potential behavioral correlates are explored. Analyzing fMRI data showed a normalization of FC between the salience network (right anterior insula) and the ventromedial network (left frontal orbital cortex). This functional change correlated with improvements in depressive symptoms. Stimulation of brain areas related to depression (including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) with TPS may induce relevant functional changes and alleviate depressive symptoms. TPS was previously hypothesized to induce location-dependent neuromodulatory effects. While AD patients showed overall cognitive improvements, visuo-constructive tests showed a decrease after TPS intervention. Notably, functionally relevant areas have been largely left out during stimulation. In this analysis, a matching decrease in FC measures of a visuo-constructive network is reported, further fortifying the claim of a location-dependent effect. Together, this study presents further evidence that TPS may become a beneficial clinical add-on therapy for neurological and psychiatric diseases.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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