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Zwangsarbeit im Bezirk Amstetten - eine lokalgeschichtliche Untersuchung mit Fokus auf die Stadt Amstetten

Authors: Haberfellner, Daniela;

Zwangsarbeit im Bezirk Amstetten - eine lokalgeschichtliche Untersuchung mit Fokus auf die Stadt Amstetten

Abstract

Zwangsarbeit in Amstetten während des Zweiten Weltkrieges ist ein wenig erforschtes Feld. Sie fand nicht nur in Konzentrationslagern und deren Nebenlagern statt, sondern auch in der Landwirtschaft und der Industrie. Die vorliegende Arbeit erforscht, welche Arten von Zwangsarbeit in Amstetten existierten. Außerdem untersucht die Arbeit die KZ Nebenlager im Hinblick auf Zahl der Häftlinge, deren Nationalitäten und die zu verrichtenden Arbeiten. Um die Zwangsarbeit im Dienstleistungsbereich und in der Industrie aufzuarbeiten, wird eine quantitative Analyse der Primärquellen durchgeführt, wodurch die Zwangsarbeiterzah-len ermittelt werden sollen. In Bezug auf die Nebenlager in Amstetten konnte festgestellt werden, dass es zwei Lager gab – ein Männer- und ein Frauenlager. Die Häftlinge wurden hauptsächlich für die Aufräumarbeiten am bombardierten Bahnhof eingesetzt. Bezüglich der Zwangsarbeit wurde herausgefunden, dass zirka 11.000 Zwangsarbeiterinnen und Zwangsarbeiter, also Kriegsgefangene und zivile ausländische Arbeitskräfte, im Bezirk Amstetten tätig waren. Etwas mehr als die Hälfte war in der Landwirtschaft tätig, der andere Teil arbeitete in der Industrie bzw. im Dienstleistungsbereich. Die vorliegende Forschung leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag, da das herangezogene Quellenmaterial zuvor noch nicht bearbeitet wurde und es folglich keine vergleichbare Forschung zum Thema Zwangsarbeit in Amstetten gibt.

The field of forced labour in the city of Amstetten during World War II has been explored very little so far. Forced labour did not only exist in concentration camps and their sub-camps, but also in the agricultural and industrial sector. This paper examines which kinds of forced labour existed in Amstetten. Furthermore, it investigates the subcamps with regard to numbers of prisoners, their nationalities and their duties. In order to explore forced la-bour in the industrial and service sector, a quantitative analysis of the data of the primary sources is conducted in order to gain insight into the numbers of forced labourers. Regard-ing the subcamps, it could be found that Amstetten had two subcamps, one for men and one for women. The prisoners mainly had to support the clean-up operations at the local station which was destroyed because of bombings. As to forced labour, it was found that approximately 11,000 prisoners of war and foreign civilian workers were forced to work in the district of Amstetten. A little more than half of the workers had to work in the agricul-tural sector and the rest in the industrial and service sector. The findings of this paper are of great significance, as the primary sources had never been examined before and consequent-ly, a comparable thorough research on forced labour in Amstetten does not exist so far.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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