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The Arian controversy vis-a-vis the Council of Nicea and inculturation of the faith

Die arianischen Kontroverse vis-a-vis das Konzil von Nicäa und Inkulturation der Glaube
Authors: Mulenga, Rodgers;

The Arian controversy vis-a-vis the Council of Nicea and inculturation of the faith

Abstract

In der arianischen Kontroverse des vierten Jahrhunderts geht es um eine ganz entscheidende Streitfrage in der Geschichte des Christentums. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht diese Kontroverse zunächst zu rekonstruieren, indem sie den historischen Kontext erforscht, in dem Arius lebte, und die intellektuellen Einflüsse nachzeichnet, die seine subordinatianistische Christologie prägten. Das kosmologische Schema des Mittleren Platonismus steht im Hintergrund seines Denkens – insbesondere die Lehre von den drei Prinzipien und der platonische Gottesbegriff des differenzlosen Einen. Die Lehre von der Subordination des Logos, wie sie bereits von Origenes entwickelt wurde, greift Arius auf und radikalisiert sie, indem er den Sohn, Jesus Christus, dem Bereich des Kreatürlichen zuordnet. Das Konzil von Nicäa wurde im Jahr 325 von Kaiser Konstantin einberufen, um die theologischen Streitigkeiten beizulegen, die die Einheit der Kirche und des Reiches bedrohten. Das Glaubensbekenntinis von Nicäa korrigierte die arianische Lehre durch vier christologische Einschübe, welche festhalten, dass Jesus Christus „wahrer Gott vom wahren Gott“ ist, „gezeugt nicht geschaffen“, „aus dem Wesen des Vaters“ und schließlich, um den prominenten Begriff des Konzils anzuführen, „homoousios mit dem Vater“. Diese Übersetzung des Glaubens an Jesus Christus in die hellenistische Kultur, die das Konzil von Nicäa vorgenommen hat, kann als Modell für künftige Inkulturationen betrachtet werden. So stellt sich die Frage, ob die Inkulturation des Glaubens, wie sie 4. Jahrhundert vollzogen wurde, für die afrikanische Kultur im 21. Jahrhundert Anstöße bietet, um den Glauben an Jesus Christus unter Rückgriff auf afrikanische Paradigmen zu inkulturieren. John Mbiti schlägt das Paradigma von Christus als „König“ vor, während Charles Nyamiti und Benezet Bujo Christus als „Vorfahre“ oder „Ahne“ begreifen. Alle diese Paradigmen können wesentliche Aspekte der Christologie zum Ausdruck bringen, aber das Modell des Proto-Ahnen kommt der Definition Jesu Christi als Sohn wohl am nächsten, weil Gott als die endgültige Quelle des Himmels und der Erde im afrikanischen Verstehenshorizont mitunter als Vor-Vorfahre bezeichnet wird. Die Übereinstimmung im Namen (des Proto-Vorfahren) zwischen Jesus Christus und dem Vater zeigt in der Weltanschaung der Afrikaner den gleichen ontologischen Status an.

In the Arian controversy of the fourth century is found a very decisive and controversial question ever arisen in the history of the church. The present work tries to reconstruct firstly this controversy by investigating the historical context in which Arius lived and tries to trace the intellectual streams of influences which shaped his Christology. The cosmological scheme of middle Platonism is in the background of his thoughts, especially the doctrine of the three principles and the concept of the platonic god, the monad. The doctrine of the subordination of the Logos as developed by Origen is taken on by Arius who radicalized it by ascribing the son, Jesus Christ, to the realm of creatures. The council of Nicea, summoned by Emperor Constantine in 325 AD, was to resolve the disputes which threatened the unity of the Church and the empire. The profession of faith from Nicea, corrected the teaching of Arius through the four Christological propositions, which held firmly that Jesus is “true God from true God”, “begotten not made”, “from the substance of the Father”, and the most prominent concept of the council, “homoousios with the father.” This transmission of the faith in Jesus into the Greek culture, which the council of Nicea resolved to do, can be conceived of as a model for future inculturations. A question arises, whether the inculturation of the faith as was carried out in the fourth century, provides impetus to the African culture in the 21st century, to inculturate the faith in Christ, by taking recourse to African paradigms. John Mbiti proposes the paradigm of “Jesus as King”, while Charles Nyamiti and Benezet Bujo conceptualize him as “ancestor”. All these paradigms express important aspects of Christology, but the model of proto- ancestor comes closer to defining Jesus Christ as the son of God, for God as the ultimate source of Heaven and Earth, would also be conceived of in an African conception as the proto ancestor. The identicalness in names (of Proto-ancestor) between Jesus and the Father, from the world view of Africans, shows the same ontological status.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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