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Vienna-PTM - establishment of a server extending simulation capabilities of proteins by post-translational modifications

Vienna-PTM - Aufbau eines Servers, der Simulationen von Proteinen um post-translationale Modifikationen erweitert
Authors: Margreitter, Christian;

Vienna-PTM - establishment of a server extending simulation capabilities of proteins by post-translational modifications

Abstract

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins have, over the last decades, been extensively investigated from a number of different aspects. They are involved in a manifold of critical processes in the cell, including signaling, regulation and localization control. PTMs make fast and predominantly reversible amino acid alteration possible, are often inter-dependent and build sometimes networks on their own. The impact on the physical-chemical properties of affected residues is often significant and potentially affecting the overall properties of the whole protein. However, it in silico simulations of PTMs have been strongly neglected, especially considering their biological relevance. With increasing numbers of observed types and occurrences of PTMs, it seems therefore timely and important to include them in classical mechanical force fields used for biomolecular simulations. This work presents Vienna-PTM, a server designed to provide both a workflow for introducing post-translational modifications in protein PDB files as well as parameters for these modified amino acids. Thereby, the arsenal of possible building blocks is enriched from 20 to over 200 distinct residues, including common modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation and methylation as well as a number of less widely used ones. All modifications are available for GROMOS force fields ffG45a3 and ffG54a7.

Post-translationale Modifikationen (PTMs) wurden während der letzten Jahrzehnte ausgiebig mit verschiedensten Methoden erforscht. Sie sind Bestandteil einer Vielzahl wichtiger Zellprozesse, einschließlich verschiedener Signalweiterleitungs-, Regulations- und Lokalisierungsvorgänge. PTMs ermöglichen die vorwiegend reversible Veränderung von Aminosäuren, sind oft abhängig voneinander und bilden unter Umständen ganze Netzwerke. Ihre Wirkung auf die physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften betroffener Reste ist oft signifikant und kann sogar Parameter des gesamten Proteins beeinflussen. Im Hinblick auf ihre hohe biologische Relevanz werden in silico Simulationen von PTMs jedoch nach wie vor stark vernachlässigt. Es scheint deshalb an der Zeit, PTMs in klassischen, mechanischen Kraftfeldsimulationen zu berücksichtigen. Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert Vienna-PTM, ein Server, der sowohl die Möglichkeiten für die Einführung von post-translationalen Modifikationen in PDB Dateien, als auch die notwendigen Parameter für die modifizierten Aminosäuren bietet. Dadurch wird die Bandbreite der zur Verfügung stehenden Proteinbausteine von 20 auf über 200 erweitert, wobei sowohl die häufigsten Modifikationen wie Phosphorylierungen, Acetylierungen und Methylierungen als auch weniger genutzte unterstützt werden. Alle Modifikationen sind für die GROMOS Kraftfelder ffG45a3 und ffG54a7 verfügbar.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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