
doi: 10.2523/50754-ms , 10.2118/50754-ms
AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive two-phase, multi-species mathematical model for selective plugging of highly watered-out zones by induced precipitation. The approach considers the porous medium as having two regions (macropores and micropores) with different permeabilities. Two sets of coupled equations, one set for each region, are derived to simulate the selective plugging processes occurring in the formation. The mechanisms causing alteration of porosity and permeability include particles mobilization and retention in pore spaces, particles transfer at fluid-fluid interfaces, as well as chemical and physical precipitations. The ternary phase diagram is applied to represent the phase behavior during flow and plugging processes. The model allows changes of temperature both in fluids and rock. The effects of concentration, temperature, and pressure on density, viscosity, porosity and permeability are also considered.The capability and validity of the model are demonstrated by comparing its predictions with experimental data from alcohol-induced precipitation, a newly proposed selective plugging method. Simulation results from the model are shown to be in good agreement with experimental measurements. This model can be used for diagnosis, evaluation, and simulation of selective plugging processes caused by induced precipitation in both laboratory tests and field operations.
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