
Abstract The current status of knowledge on condensation phenomena in supersonic nozzles is reviewed for readers primarily concerned with combustion processes. The history and different experimental approaches to the problem are discussed and areas of current applications are pointed out. Properties of nozzle flows of vapors and vapor mixtures are derived. Observations of condensation in nozzles are grouped in three major categories ranging from saturated expansions in equilibrium to condensation in the highly supercooled metastable state. Experimental evidence from many sources on condensation of steam, water vapor in air, nitrogen and air are presented. Solutions of the equations of motion with condensation are indicated and experimental methods are reviewed.
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