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Rotor free-wake modeling using a pseudoimplicit relaxation algorithm

Authors: Ashish Bagai; J. Gordon Leishman;

Rotor free-wake modeling using a pseudoimplicit relaxation algorithm

Abstract

A pseudoimplicit predictor-cor rector relaxation algorithm with five-point central differencing in space has been developed for the solution of the governing differential equations of the helicopter rotor free-wake problem. This new approach is compared and contrasted with more conventional explicit-type free-wake algorithms. A convergence analysis shows that the new algorithm provides for much more rapid convergence characteristics compared to explicit methods, with improvements in numerical efficiency and predictive accuracy. Nomenclature be = spatial boundary condition vector CT = rotor thrust coefficient, Tlp7rR2([lR)2 c = blade chord, m E — shift operator i,/, k = unit vectors in the x, y, and z directions, respectively L = spatial discretization operator / = length of discretized vortex element, m Nh = number of blades N.t. = number of vortex filaments P = iteration scheme operator R = rotor radius, m r(. = vortex core radius, m r, = spanwise location from which vortex filaments are trailed, m r = position vector of a point on a vortex filament, m S = source vector T = rotor thrust, N / = time, s V.,_ — freestream velocity, m/s V = time invariant flowfield velocity, m/s Vind = induced velocity, m/s Vloc = local velocity at a point in space, m/s VH = tangential velocity, m/s Cartesian coordinate system, origin at hub center rotor shaft angle (negative forward), deg )3() = blade coning angle, deg r = circulation, m2/s Ar" = nth iteration position-vector correction f = distance along trailed wake filament (wake age), rad A.- = uniform-induced inflow ratio

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
69
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Top 1%
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