This paper explores Software Defined Networking (SDN), detailing its architecture, components, and advantages over traditional network infrastructures. It also examines the security vulnerabilities inherent in SDN systems and strategies for their mitigation. The initial section of the paper covers SDN's key features, such as scalability, enhanced visibility, and centralized control. It discusses its capability to operate independently of hardware while still utilizing it for traffic forwarding. The advantages and limitations of the SDN model are also analyzed. Subsequently, the paper categorizes various SDN security threats and attacks based on its unique architecture. It outlines preventive measures and responses to potential cyberattacks, including DDoS, ARP spoofing, and resource depletion.