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Gaceta Médica de México
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La clínica frente a la tecnología: ¿sigue siendo esencial en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda?

Authors: Juan A. Villanueva-Herrero; Jair C. Flores-González; Triana González-Sánchez de Cima; José M. Fernández-Rivero; Noelia B. Fernández-Baez; Billy Jiménez-Bobadilla; Jeziel K. Ordóñez-Juárez; +4 Authors

La clínica frente a la tecnología: ¿sigue siendo esencial en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda?

Abstract

La apendicitis aguda es una urgencia quirúrgica común que, si no se trata oportunamente, puede causar abscesos, íleo, peritonitis e incluso la muerte. Su fisiopatología se basa en la obstrucción de la luz apendicular, lo que compromete el flujo vascular, facilita la proliferación bacteriana y genera una respuesta inflamatoria. Afecta con mayor frecuencia a adolescentes entre 15 y 19 años, aunque las personas mayores de 65 años tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones. El síntoma inicial suele ser dolor abdominal periumbilical, que en el 50-60% de los casos migra al cuadrante inferior derecho en 24 horas. Las náuseas y vómitos aparecen después del dolor, y la fiebre generalmente se presenta unas 6 horas después del inicio del cuadro clínico. La exploración física sigue siendo clave para el diagnóstico, permitiendo identificar la enfermedad en hasta el 60% de los casos. Existen diversas escalas diagnósticas para estratificar el riesgo y determinar la necesidad de estudios de imagen, siendo el ultrasonido el método inicial preferido y la tomografía computarizada el estándar de referencia. En conclusión, a pesar del valor de las pruebas de imagen, la evaluación clínica continúa siendo fundamental para un diagnóstico oportuno y la prevención de complicaciones.

Keywords

Dolor abdominal. Peritonitis. Diverticulitis. Tomografía computarizada abdominal. Laparoscopia., Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Internal medicine, RC31-1245

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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