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Re-interpretasi Nama Borobudur

Authors: Dr. Titi Surti Nastiti;

Re-interpretasi Nama Borobudur

Abstract

AbstrakCandi Borobudur merupakan candi Buddha Māhāyana terbesar di Indonesia yang dibangun pada abad ke-8. Mengingat bahwa nama sampai sekarang nama Borobudur masih menjadi bahan perdebatan, maka dirasakan perlu untuk mengkaji kembali mengenai asal-usul nama Borobudur. Banyak sarjana Belanda maupun Indonesia yang telah membuat hipotesa mengenai nama Borobudur. Beberapa sarjana mengartikan kata boro dengan biara, sedangkan kara budur masih belum ada kesepahaman. Ada yang mengartikannya besar, buddha, bukit, sehingga Borobudur bisa diartikan biara yang agung, kota Buddha, dan biara di atas bukit. Namun J.G. de Casparis yang mempunyai asumsi yang berbeda yang menyebutkan bahwa Borobudur berasal dari kata bhūmisambhārabūdhara yang artinya “bukit himpunan kebajikan sepuluh tingkatan Boddhisattwa”. Sementara itu, dalam data tekstual diketahui bahwa budur adalah nama pohon sejenis palem dan nama tuak yang dibuat dari pohon budur. Mengingat bahwa banyak nama-nama tempat di Jawa yang memakai nama pohon, seperti jombang, gebang, kampung rambutan, kebon nanas, maka kemungkinan besar bahwa budur adalah nama tumbuhan yang menjadi nama tempat. Dalam penelusuran nama Borobudur dipakai metode komparatif dengan pendekatan etimologi. Dari kajian ini diketahui bahwa nama Borobudur berasal dari dua kata, yaitu boro dan budur. Boro adalah biara dan budur adalah nama desa yang diambil dari nama tumbuhan. Dengan demikian arti Borobudur adalah nama biara yang terletak di Desa Budur. Kata kunci: Candi Borobudur, Buddha Mahāyana, boro, buḍur AbstractBorobudur temple is the largest Mahāyana Buddhist temple in Indonesia built in the 8th century. The origin of the name Borobudur is still debated until today, thereforeit is necessary to review the origin of Borobudur. Thera are plenty of scholars from Indonesia and the Netherlands that hypothesised around the origin of the name. A few scholars thought the name originated from the word boro which means monastery and there is no agreement yet on the definitation of the word budur. There are those who defined budur as big, buddha, or hill. According to J.G. de Casparis, he theorised that Borobudur came from the word bhūmisambhārabūdhara which means "hill of the accumulation of virtues on the ten stages of Boddhisattva". If we look at it from the textual context budur is a name for a kind of palm tree and tuak (a kind of wine) is also made from buḍur tree. There many places in Java that originated from the name of a tree such as Jombang, Gebang, Kampung Rambutan, Kebon Nanas, so it can also be theorised that budur is derived from the name of a tree that was made into a name of place. This research used comparative methods with etymology approach. From this research we conclude that Borobudur originated from two words boro and budur. Boro is monastery and budur is the name of the village that was derived from a name of a tree. Therefore Borobudur is name for a monastery located in Budur Village. Keywords: Borobudur temple, Mahāyana Buddhist, boro, buḍur

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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