Some of the sources of ethnohistoric research are identified, and the two major orientations - historical and scientific - of this type of research are discussed. Within each of these two orientations numerous examples of specific topics, approaches, method, and theory are cited from Ethnohistory. A strong case is made for increasing application of scientific method in ethnohistoric analysis. Although the wealth of historical materials available has hardly been touched, their very abundance promises rich rewards to the investigator who seeks to make use of them scientifically. Not only must the ethnohistorian search for new facts, he must dare to be innovative and creative in working with the facts. He must search out new ideas, explore their ramifications, and develop their theoretical implications.