We recently described the cloning and characterization of Pex1, a maize pollen-specific gene with an extensin-like domain. Here, we report that antibodies raised against a Pex fusion protein and a Pex synthetic peptide recognize a protein doublet with an apparent molecular mass of ~300 kD as well as larger proteins in pollen extracts. These proteins were not detected in extracts of seedling, endosperm, ear, silk, root, leaf, wounded leaf, meiotic tassel, or young microspore. After deglycosylation, only the protein doublet was detected by the anti-Pex antiserum, suggesting that the higher molecular mass proteins represent a glycosylated form of the Pex proteins. The anti-Pex antiserum was also used in immunolocalization experiments with in vitro-germinated pollen. With the aid of a confocal light microscope, the Pex proteins were localized to the pollen tube wall. The Pex proteins could not be removed with high salt, SDS, or chaotropic or reducing agents, suggesting a very tight association with the pollen tube wall. Immunocytochemical analysis at the ultrastructural level localized the Pex proteins to the intine in mature pollen and to the callosic sheath of the pollen tube wall in germinated pollen. Localization to the pollen tube wall strongly suggests that the Pex proteins play a role in pollen tube growth during pollination.