made up of complex, jagged, distorted sounds. Its dynamic, almost melodramatic nature is exaggerated by the use of industrial noises and of "dirty" sources that are granulated beyond recognition. The pieces fit together to make a strong experience of communication, of a "message," to use the title of another of Mr. Roads's pieces. The other piece on the program that made heavy use of factory sounds was Fabrica by German composer Michael Obst (winner of several prizes in previous Bourges competitions). In pure Schaeffer musique concrete style, he uses no processing, relying solely on collage and layering techniques to create two contrasting worlds: a realistic one, and another derived from it but with a different, "virtual-sounding" atmosphere. Fabrica extends the notion of a Klangfarbenmelodie, constructing and developing phrases crafted out of rich and complex machine environments, each of which has its own micro-