horrible, and even now astonishing, story of a medical researcher in Texas who, as part of a double-blind experiment on oral contraceptives, provided seventy-six women with placebo pills. In Veatch's words, "All had come, not to assist in research, but to prevent further pregnancies. None were told they were receiving placebos, or even that they were participating in research, but they were instructed to use vaginal cream in addition since the pill might not be 'completely effective.'" How right that last statement was: ten of the women