A map analysis of recent Soviet election returns would have very little value. One might consider the results of Soviet elections a tribute to Soviet propaganda, agitation, and efficiency. Where else but in a Communist society would 99.97 percent of the eligible voters flock to the polls to cast one-candidate ballots for the official candidate? But there was one election that took place in Russia that is worthy of a map analysis, for it did reflect the will of the peoples of Russia at that time.' Over forty million votes were cast in early November 1917 to elect deputies to the Russian Constituent Assembly, an assembly to organize a permanent constitutional government. The election of the Russian Constituent Assembly, the only free election experienced by the peoples of Russia, was significant in that organized political parties with fundamentally different platforms and divergent goals competed for the people's support on the basis of universal, equal, direct, and secret suffrage. In all, there were more than thirty parties which vied for the will of the people, albeit only five of these could be considered