A number of gerbils and sand rats belonging to the Sub-family Gerbillinae were obtained by the author in Iraq during the period from August, 1953, until March, 1955. The species obtained are listed below with some notes on their characteristics and field habits. The Palaearctic gerbils are divided into two subgenera, the one with naked soles of the hind feet (Subgenus Dipodillus ), the other with the soles of the feet wholly or partially hairy (Subgenus Gerbillus ). Ellerman (1947), in his revision of the Palaearctic species admitted ten valid species in the region. Examination of my own material and comparison with that in the National Collection reveals two naked-soled forms existing in Iraq, which differ from each other in several respects. As both these forms have a small tympanic bulla and there is at present no evidence that their distribution overlaps, it is considered likely that the new form from Iraq here described will prove to be a subspecies of Gerbillus ( Dipodillus ) dasyurus Wagner. I propose to name it: As Type specimen of this new form I nominate an adult female in my collection (No. 4.1737) obtained on January 16, 1955, near Amiriya, on the west bank of the Euphrates, south west of Faluja, Iraq. This is a medium-sized gerbil in which the soles of the feet are quite naked. The general build and proportions are similar to G. d. dasyurus , but the tail of this animal possesses only a small terminal pencil and the short hairs covering the rest of the tail are noticeably coarser. The general colour of the dorsal surface is darker than in most gerbils and considerably darker than in G. d. dasyurus , in this animal it is near to Wood Brown of Ridgway (Plate 3, No. 19), slightly tinged with russet on the …