It seems most appropriate that the topic of this symposium is not simply judicial independence but judicial accountability as well. For while we want judges to be independent so that they can administer the law without fear of reprisal, we also want to find some way of controlling them. For independent power, as Jefferson wrote, is absolute power;1 there must be checks on judicial, as well as legislative and executive, authority. Our dilemma is like that of the King of Siam in Rogers and Hammerstein's play: Shall I join with other nations in alliance? If allies are weak, am I not best alone? If allies are strong, with power to protect me, Might they not protect me out of all I own?2