
El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar la influencia que tiene la demanda agregada sobre la creación de empleos en México, con ello se podrá caracterizar la forma en que se encuentra estructurado el mercado de trabajo a partir de la organización establecida en la estructura productiva vigente en 2018. Para ello, se emplea la matriz insumo producto e información de la encuesta nacional de ocupación y empleo. Los resultados muestran que la demanda interna explica el 80% del empleo concentrado en actividades primarias, comercio y servicios; mientras las actividades manufactureras tienen influencia sobre el empleo intersectorial. Además, el mercado laboral mexicano se caracteriza por contener condiciones de precariedad expresadas en alto grado de informalidad, bajos salarios y bajo nivel de calificación. Se concluye que las políticas laborales enfrentan grandes desafíos para corregir estos desequilibrios. STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT IN MEXICO: A DEMAND SIDE ANALYSIS ABSTRACT This work aims to identify the influence that aggregate demand has on job creation in Mexico, and in turn, to characterise how the labour market is structured based on the organisation of the productive structure established since 2018. Using official information from the input-output matrix and the national survey of occupation and employment, it can be inferred that domestic demand accounts for 80% of employment concentration in primary activities, trade and services, while manufacturing activities influence intersectoral employment. It is worth noting that the mexican labour market is characterised by precarity expressed in a high degree of informality, low wages, and low skill levels; thus, labour policies face challenges in correcting these imbalances.
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