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Future Cardiology
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics and the Heart

Authors: Dini, Frank Lloyd; GUARINI, GIACINTA; MORRONE, DORALISA; MARZILLI, MARIO;

The Second Law of Thermodynamics and the Heart

Abstract

The second law of thermodynamics explains the phenomenon of irreversibility and the increasing entropic trend of nature. Similar to human-made machines, living structures are subjected to entropy generation, becoming 'worn' and 'damaged' from use. However, they have the possibility of eluding or deferring these processes. According to nonequilibrium thermodynamics, the heart could be considered as an open dissipative system, since it has the potential to offset the body's increasing entropic burden by using energy to export entropy to the surroundings. By organizing the tissues' molecules in order to perform external work as a result of its ability to provide oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products, the heart maintains the organization of the living structure and acts as an open dissipative system. However, the increase in tissues' randomness and disorder as a result of a number of disease states may be responsible for the intervening cardiac damage and entropy generation. This effect is known as the 'Dorian Gray effect' of the heart. Technical advances, including MRI and 3D echocardiography, may provide a means to improve the understanding of thermodynamic aspects of cardiovascular physiology and heart disease.

Keywords

Entropy, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Humans, Systems Theory, Thermodynamics, Heart, Stroke Volume, Entropy; thermodynamics; ventricular function; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; Heart; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Stroke Volume; Systems Theory; Thermodynamics; Entropy; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; Molecular Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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    8
    popularity
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    Top 10%
    influence
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Found an issue? Give us feedback
citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
8
Top 10%
Average
Average
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