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European Journal of Bioethics
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Umjetna inteligencija, svijest, singularnost

kritika funkcionalizma i komputacionalizma kao održivih modela (računalne) svijesti
Authors: Jurica Grgić;

Umjetna inteligencija, svijest, singularnost

Abstract

Rasprave o svijesti u umjetnoj inteligenciji često se temelje na komputacijskom funkcionalizmu – pretpostavci da je izvođenje odgovarajućih računskih procesa dovoljno za pojavu svijesti. Znanstvenici poput Bena Goertzela i Josche Bacha brane ovu poziciju, tvrdeći da je funkcionalna arhitektura, neovisno o fizičkom supstratu, ključna za razumijevanje uma. Thomas Metzinger, iako otvoren prema mogućnosti strojne svijesti, upozorava na duboke etičke implikacije te zagovara moratorij na razvoj fenomenalno svjesnih sustava dok ne razvijemo adekvatne etičke okvire. Brojni mislioci – poput Neda Blocka, Marka Solmsa i Davida Bentleyja Harta – upozoravaju na teorijske i ontološke manjkavosti funkcionalističkih i komputacijskih pristupa. Block ističe biološku ukorijenjenost svijesti, dok Solms smatra da bez afektivnih komponenti umjetni sustavi ne mogu posjedovati um. Hartov kritički zaokret odbacuje mehanicističku metafiziku na kojoj počivaju ovi pristupi. Hart tvrdi da umjetna inteligencija, iako učinkovita u simulaciji intencionalnog ponašanja, ostaje ontološki nesposobna za svijest, moralnu unutrašnjost ili refleksivnost – čime se potencira njezina neodgovornost i etička neutralnost. Hartova kritika naglašava da se iza privida racionalnosti i učinkovitosti krije tehnokratski model moći: AI ne predstavlja svjesnu volju, već impersonalnu logiku Kapitala koja zamagljuje etičku odgovornost i produbljuje strukturalnu nepravdu.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Published in a Diamond OA journal