In dental debilitating conditions, such as edentulism, the patient must have sufficient alveolar crest bone mass to guarantee the possibility of corrective interventions, such as implants. The decrease in bone tissue is caused by the body's natural reabsorption, which begins after tooth loss. Some surgical techniques could be used to solve this problem, such as guided bone regeneration. In this technique, a membrane developed with biomaterials is used, which aims to act as physical barrier to prevent the appearance of soft tissue and maintain the bone defect space, ensuring maximum regeneration. This membrane must be biocompatible, have specific rigidity to maintain the space, prevent the migration of epithelial cells and ensure the resorption time after bone tissue regeneration. This chapter will address the polymeric materials most used in the development of membranes for guided bone regeneration process, addressing their physicochemical characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, among other important aspects.