This paper explores the significance and contemporary applicability of Protestant soteriology, focusing on the doctrine of justification. It begins by grounding its theological framework in Martin Luther's thought, examining the commonalities and distinctions between Protestant and Roman Catholic understandings of salvation within the context of ecumenical dialogue. Emphasizing the importance of justification amid contemporary faith and practical challenges, the study advocates for its reinterpretation to address existential, ethical, and societal issues today. The paper argues that the forensic nature of justification, rooted in the restoration of relationships, holds modern relevance, offering a response to humanity's existential inquiries. This work ultimately evaluates whether the doctrine of justification remains a central and valid tenet of Christian faith in the present day.