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Hazards of organic working fluids

Authors: Silberstein, S;

Hazards of organic working fluids

Abstract

We present several brief reviews on working fluids proposed for use in organic Rankine and bi-phase bottoming cycles. There are several general problems with many organic working fluids: flammability, toxicity, and a tendency to leak through seals. Besides, two of the proposed working fluids are to be used at temperatures above the manufacturer's maximum recommended temperature, and one is to be used in a way different from its customary usage. It may, in some cases, be more profitable to first seek alternative working fluids before committing large amounts of time and money to research projects on unsafe working fluids.

Country
United States
Related Organizations
Keywords

Fluids, Toxicity, Organic Compounds, Hazards, Us Erda, Policy And Economy, 63 Radiation, 33 Advanced Propulsion Systems, Us Organizations 560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987), Hydrocarbons, Resource Conservation, Temperature Effects, Flammability, 330202 -- External Combustion Engines-- Rankine Cycle, Health Hazards, Thermal, Thermodynamic Cycles, Working Fluids, 29 Energy Planning, Rankine Cycle, 530200 -- Environmental-Social Aspects Of Energy Technologies-- Assessment Of Energy Technologies-- (-1989), National Organizations, And Other Environ. Pollutant Effects On Living Orgs. And Biol. Mat

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average